stat - display file or file system status
$ stat /etc/passwd
File: /etc/passwd
Size: 965 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: 2eh/46d Inode: 13631986 Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Access: 2021-09-03 07:48:11.000000000 +0000
Modify: 2021-09-03 07:48:11.000000000 +0000
Change: 2021-09-12 19:40:02.730102800 +0000
Birth: -
The system files have the milliseconds of the Modify
date set to 000000000
. If this is not the case, the user has probably installed the file by hand.